YTGen (Yield Table Generator) is Software for Generating Yield Estimates in a Production Forestry Context. YTGen Combines the Process of Growing and Projecting Tree Volumes with Log Bucking Algorithms to Model Tree Merchandising Through to Log Products.
The prediction of yields by recoverable log grade often referred to as MARVL* (Method for Assessment of Recoverable Volume by Logtype) and is based on a forest inventory. Many decisions require estimates of yield and YTGEN provides this data to allow decisions to be made.
The following steps are required to generate forest yields:
- Measure & describe a sample of trees in plots (forest inventory)
- "Grow" plots and the trees in them
- Convert trees into logs
- Add the logs up by plot
- Average the plots across strata and populations
YTGEN provides the functions for completing steps 2-5, as outlined below:
The primary output is a set of estimates of yield for user defined log grades for one or more periods. Optional detailed output includes the input tree list, adjusted for growth and thinning effects, with individual logs generated by the bucking algorithm.
Here are some of the key design philosophies behind YTGEN :
Data Inputs and Outputs YTGEN prepares data from a number of common sources, such as MARVL Version 2 or 3 historic inventory data formats, text file or direct input, through to YTGEN partner product PlotSafe - Forest Inventory Data Collection Software ,which is a Windows Mobile handheld application. This is converted to a YTGEN Population file. Combined with cutting strategies and a method reference file (models), these produce outputs from basic population yields through to detailed log output. There is also customized output formats for decision support tools like FOPLI and Woodstock.
Software and Operating Environment YTGen currently runs on Windows 95 through to Vista. There are three independent applications which are provided as part of YTGEN:
- Firstly users have the ability to use a fully interactive Windows application for creating and editing populations, cutting strategies and other file types (example view below).
- There is also a Command-line application for batch processing, typically users may use this under custom script control to automate processing in some line of business application.
- And finally some users have using the YTGEN COM object for embedding processing functions within spreadsheets, GIS and other COM aware applications.
History and Status YTGen has been in use in a production forest environment since April 2001. It is commercially available and currently used by 18 forestry companies in Australasia (as of April 2007). YTGen is owned and licensed by Silmetra Limited.
Silmetra and Interpine jointly provide training courses in YTGEN on a regular basis. YTGEN is actively used at Interpine, and is available for our clients to produce forest yields.
* MARVL - although this term has been software product name in the past (developed by Forest Research). It is now a common acronym for the method and process.
Latest YTGEN News and Articles From Interpine
COURSE: YTGEN and Plotsafe Forest Inventory 10th - 12th April 2012 2/03/2012 11:30:00 a.m. This course provides a three day introduction to forest inventory utilising the YTGEN and Plotsafe software packages. Held in the computing facility at Waiariki institute of Technology's Mokoia campus in Rotorua; there will also be a field day held in a local forest. A great introduction or recap for all forest inventory technicians and managers this course is taught using examples from Australasia's leading forest inventory and forest yield analysis software. For the first time this year the use of Plotsafe for collecting Field Measurement Approach (FMA) plot data under the ETS the will be covered.
Course Outline
Day 1 - Classroom and computer room based
Course introduction / Forest inventory sampling design
Inventory planning and mapping considerations
YTGEN and Plotsafe Introduction
Considerations for Field Computers
Stem Feature Cruising - RAD05
Collecting FMA data with Plotsafe
Plotsafe hands on
Day 2 - Field Based
Locating and Establishing Plots
Field Measurement Techniques
Feature Cruising Using RAD05
Techniques for Auditing Inventory Work
Day 3 - Computer Lab... | A Move to Variable-Form Tree / Stem Taper Equations 4/02/2012 2:47:00 p.m. History of Stem / Tree Taper Equation Development
Taper equations can be used to provide predictions of inside bark diameter at any point along the tree stem and stem volume based on widely recorded tree dimensions. Equations that can accurately predict tree diameter at any point of the stem based on total tree height and diameter at breast height have long been the focus of research (Bi 2000).
Beginning with the earliest taper equations by Hójer (1903) increasingly complex methodologies have been have been developed stimulated by improvements in computational capacity. Kozak (2004) reported on a history of taper function research at the University of British Columbia that dates back to 1956. The intensity and longevity of research into taper functions has led to an extensive array of different approaches and a considerable body of literature.
In New Zealand a compatible polynomial approach (Goulding and Murray 1976, Gordon 1983) is most... | YTGEN and Plotsafe Training April 27-29 - Rotorua 1/04/2011 3:48:00 p.m. YTGEN and PLOTSAFEForest Inventory - 3 Day Training Course – NZQA Level 5 – Unit 20584
Run in association with Waiariki Institute of Technology and Silmetra Ltd, Interpine will be providing a 3 day introduction course to Forest Inventory utilising the YTGEN and PLOTSAFE software packages.The course was held at the Wairariki campus which has computer terminals for all course participates, and together with a field training day provides for a very hands-on training experience.
Current Course Content:
Day 1 – Classroom and Computer Room Based
Course Introduction / Forest Inventory Sampling Techniques Overview
Inventory Planning and Mapping Considerations
YTGEN and PLOTSAFE Intro
Considerations when dealing with Field Computers
Stem Feature Cruising – RAD05
PlotSafe Hands-on - Computer Room
Day 2 – Based in local forest
Locating and Setting Up Plots
Field measurement techniques
Feature cruising using RAD05 and PLOTSAFE
Techniques for auditing inventory work
Day 3 – Computer Lab Hands-on
Handling Production Data from the Field
YTGEN Set-up
YTGEN Processing Yields
YTGEN Advanced Features
Open Book Test
Student Choice /... | Interpine in China, Review and Training of Forest Inventory Systems and Practices 25/01/2011 9:59:00 a.m. 2010 saw some interesting projects undertaken both here in New Zealand and overseas. One of these was a trip to China, looking at inventory systems and techniques used for forest sale and purchase transactions in several different provinces. China is a very large country and one of the first things that hits' you is its diversity. The trip involved a look at several plantation and natural forests types throughout China.
Image Above: David Herries discussing stem feature descriptions with one of the local forest managers.
Forest measurement is very much a science for which practices are almost international in their context. Language is often not a barrier to the understanding with many of the core principals well understood and used throughout the regions we visited.
Part of the trip was designed to train and educate some of the staff on stem feature cruising techniques and implement YTGEN and PLOTSAFE for use. This proved extremely... | Interpine and ForestrySA Collaborate in South Australia 16/11/2010 10:45:00 a.m. In late 2009 Interpine carried out an overlapping feature cruising inventory for the first time in South Australia's Green Triangle region. Working closely with the resource team at ForestrySA Interpine developed and implemented a cruising dictionary for Pinus radiata in South Australia with reference to the log products produced for ForestrySA's markets. The objective of the inventory was to provide product mixes for the inventoried stands which could then be used as an input for ForestrySA's resource management systems. These allowed ForestrySA to build a predictive model which can estimate the product mix for a stand based on predictor variables such as mean tree volume and site quality.
An overview of the Plotsafe/YTGEN forest inventory methodology employed by Interpine in South Australia
Sample Design
The sample design for this measurement was the result of a purposive modelling oriented strategy, rather than a probabilistic or random sampling design; as is more common in forest inventory. The... | Modelling Tree Height in YTGEN 10/11/2010 1:48:00 p.m. Which trees should be height trees?
Tree heights are among the most time consuming and difficult measurements to take in a forest inventory. The measurer must be an adequate distance away from the tree to get an accurate measure of height (angle to tip must be <50 degrees from horizontal), and must also find a location where the top and reference height (often DBH) of the tree can be clearly sighted. As a result height is generally only measured on a sub sample of the trees in a stand, as opposed to diameter at breast height (DBH) which is measured for every tree; therefore the field team must decide which trees to measure height on. During the conversion of Plotsafe forest inventory files into YTGEN format a tree height is calculated for all trees where height has not been measured. Height and DBH data collected from the stand is used... | Interpine in the South Pacific - Implementing YTGEN and PLOTSAFE 5/11/2010 2:26:00 p.m. Plotsafe and YTGEN course in Fiji
In September 2010 Interpine were contracted to provide the first Plotsafe and YTGEN training course in the Fijian Islands. After some hard-fought arguments, and at times physical confrontations, at the Interpine office, Resource Forester Jonathan Dash emerged as the victor, and packed his bags to take up his assignment in the tropical paradise, leaving the kiwi winter behind.
The training course was provided in association with Fiji National University (FNU) and was held at the College of Agriculture, Fishery Science and Forestry in Nausori, Suva with the warm tropical breeze gently blowing in from the South Pacific. The training course was attended by over twenty foresters from Fiji Hardwood Corporation as well as students from the Tropical Forestry diploma course at FNU. The software products YTGEN and Plotsafe were installed in FNU's computer lab and licences to use the products for research and education purposes... | So What is YTGEN? Generating Forest Yield Predictions 8/09/2007 10:56:00 a.m. YTGen (Yield Table Generator) is software for generating yield estimates in a production forestrycontext. The prediction of yields by log grade often referred to as MARVL* (Method for Assessment of Recoverable Volume by Logtype) and is based on a forest inventory. Many decisions require estimates of yield and YTGEN provides this data to allow decisions to be made.
The following steps are required to generate forest yields:
Measure & describe a sample of trees in plots (forest inventory)
"Grow" plots and the trees in them
Convert trees into logs
Add the logs up by plot
Average the plots across strata and populations
YTGEN provides the functions for completing steps 2-5, as outlined below:
The primary output is a set of estimates of yield for user defined log grades for one or more periods. Optional detailed output includes the input tree list, adjusted for growth and thinning effects, with individual logs generated by the... | Considerations when using Basal Area Secondary Tally Plots During Pre-harvest Style Forest Inventory 15/01/2007 4:57:00 p.m. Many foresters planning pre-harvest inventory in Pinus radiata in New Zealand consider the option of placing secondary basal area tally plots (aka prism plots) in addition to the normal primary plots. This can be valid way of conducting inventory in some circumstances, although this article would like to highlight some considerations foresters should take before implementing this technique.
For and against adding secondary basal area (BA) tally plots into an inventory.
Angle-gauge prism (BA Prism) point samples provide an easy and cost efficient way of collecting basal area. However where determination of stocking is also a prime aim of the inventory bounded plots are more efficient and useful.
Stem basal area provides a good correlation with stem volume, and hence you can arrive at a volume-basal area ratio (by using the sub sample of basal area and volume from the primary plots). This can then provide additional information... | YTGEN and PLOTSAFE Forest Inventory Courses 3 day Introduction Course 15/12/2006 3:52:00 p.m. Run in association with Waiariki Institute of Technology and Silmetra Ltd, Interpine has recently run a 3 day introduction course to Forest Inventory utilising the YTGEN and PLOTSAFE software packages. The course was held at the Wairariki campus which has computer terminals for all course participates, and together with a field training day provides for a very hands-on training experience.
Current Course Content : Day 1 – Classroom and Computer Room Based
Course Introduction / Forest Inventory Sampling Techniques Overview
Inventory Planning and Mapping Considerations
YTGEN and PLOTSAFE Intro
Considerations when dealing with Field Computers
Stem Feature Cruising – RAD05
PlotSafe Hands-on - Computer Room
Day 2 – Based in local forest
Locating and Setting Up Plots
Field measurement techniques
Feature cruising using RAD05 and PLOTSAFE
Techniques for auditing inventory work
Day 3 – Computer Lab Hands-on
Handling Production Data from the Field
YTGEN Set-up
YTGEN Processing Results
YTGEN... | PLOTSAFE Forest Inventory Procedures Manual Available 15/12/2006 3:17:00 p.m.
With the release of PLOTSAFE 1.2 and the RAD05 feature cruising dictionary, the CNI regional YTGEN user group have also released an update to the Forest Inventory Procedures Manual which will help people implement PLOTSAFE and RAD05 with ease.
This can be downloaded through request from the link below. Bundled with this are EXCEL templates with quick reference cards to use in the field, together with examples of YTGEN cutting strategy files to give you an appreciation for simplicity of being able to constrain grades in the cutting instruction. This generic manual provides appendices where individual forest owners can prescribe forest specific inventory requirements for their field inventory crews.
CLICK HERE to request a PDF version of the manual and appendices.
Example extracts from the manual :
If you would like more information on this manual or on forest inventory cruising systems please contact us. | RAD05 Cruising Domain for PLOTSAFE (Feature Cruising Dictionary) 15/06/2005 3:01:00 p.m. Interpine and the CNI regional YTGEN user-group (a collection of inventory professionals and users from CNI forestry companies) have created a new cruising dictionary for PLOTSAFE data capture. The overlapping features component of PLOTSAFE allow us to cruise trees with a NZ universal dictionary suited to most common log grade definitions.
Traditionally, each forest owner devotes time and energy to developing their own tailored cruising dictionary which can create problems when a historic dictionary no longer aligns with new log grade features, or the same cruising code is used for different meanings as there was often only 26 codes (a-z) available.
RAD05 is the new PLOTSAFE universal dictionary, suited to most NZ P.radiata inventory cruising needs.
Field Quick Card for RAD05.
Note that Windblown and Resin Code are tree level codes. The rest are stem description codes.
Examples using the RAD05 Cruising Templates
Constraining Log Products in YTGEN... |
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Forest Yield, Resource Valuation Forest Industry Training PlotSafe - Forest Inventory Data Collection Software Support Contact Us Contact Silmetra Ltd
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